Special cranes are needed to perform the process steps, such as container handling, placement of goods in the warehouse of the cell, to transport the molten metal, explosives, etc. The special bridge-type cranes include bridge cranes, gantry cranes, polukozlovye, with supporting cables, cable cranes, stacker cranes, bridge cranes. The special type of boom cranes include jib, tower, portal, semi, mast, cable-stayed, cantilever and floating cranes. By construction, the lifting device and the appointment of distinguished hook, grab, pin, Hoisting, hardening, casting, landing, for undressing ingots, forging, and container cranes. The special features of special cranes, differentiating them from general-purpose cranes are allowed to include the following: a greater number of mechanisms, the likelihood of significant numbers of workers' movements, which is mainly from four to seven; limited use depending on the type of transported goods and the manufacturing process, equipped with special lifting devices winches and other machinery.
Overhead cranes (grab, grab magnetically with special lifting devices chord, ring, radial, rotating carriage, or traverse, manual hoist, single-beam suspension, etc.) are used in various industries. Cranes with special means of handling use, for example, to transport the slabs. They have better performance compared to performance overhead crane hook. Gantry cranes are used for bulk cargo warehouse at hydroelectric power plants, in shipbuilding docks. Gantry crane bridge is different from the fact that it is based on the bridge Crane by way of supports and the bridge overhead cranes is based directly on the overhead crane to crane, or road way, fixed on the beams, mounted on the pillars of the shop or on the viaduct. Design of gantry cranes terribly different. If possible, they are moving from stationary and mobile. Stacker cranes are used mainly for general cargo warehouses.
Distinguish overhead rack and stacker cranes. Crane-conveyors, bridge cranes for construction of nearly similar to gantry cranes. They are mainly used in warehouses piece and bulk goods. Bridge cranes are relying on two pillars, moving crane on tracks. In difference from the gantry cranes overhead cranes have zdorovuschy span, 100 m and more. These are often done on the console. Due to the large thermal strains bridge cranes one of the pillars typically perform "Flexible", ie, this support is connected to the bridge with a cylindrical or ball joint. When the spans of 150 m and more weight overhead bridge crane creates tensions that are close to the yield of the material. For large spans using mostokabelnye cranes, which passes under the bridge carrying the rope, whose ends are attached to the supporting pillars. Trolley moves along the supporting rope. Such a construction crane helps significant reduction in weight of the bridge. Consider the scope of the special crane boom type. Largest group of these cranes are cranes that are used mainly in sea and river ports to overload piece and bulk cargo vessel, warehouse, ship, and also in warehouses, ship building and construction. Gantry cranes are a full-circle jib cranes, revolving set to share portal crane moving on rails. In the gantry cranes when the flight trajectory of the load close to the horizontal.